List of amphibians of Korea

This is a list of amphibian species found in the wild in Korea, including the Korean Peninsula and Jeju Island. A total of 20 species of amphibians are known from Korea; this includes two species of salamander that were not discovered until the 21st century.

This list treats the taxonomic designations found in Frost (2007) as authoritative. There have been major revisions of amphibian taxonomy, including the taxonomy of many Korean species, since the late 20th century. This has included studies which have found species such as the Korean brown frog and Imienpo Station frog, which were previously considered to be Korean varieties or subspecies of more widespread species, to be distinct. It has also included a wholesale revision of the taxonomy of the Ranidae, or true frogs—for example, the common dark-spotted frog was formerly classified as Rana nigromaculata but is now classified as Pelophylax nigromaculatus.

The following abbreviations are used in the list:

• I: International status, as given in the IUCN Red List
• K: General status in Korea, as given in various sources
• SK: Legal status in South Korea
• NK: Legal status in North Korea

Contents 1 Salamanders 2 Frogs and toads 3 Notes 4 See also 5 References 6 External links

Salamanders

Common name (Korean name)	Species (Authority)	Preferred habitat	Range	Status
Hynobiidae - 5 species
Korean salamander (도롱뇽)	Hynobius leechii (Boulenger, 1887)	Mountain forests	Throughout mainland[1]	I: Least Concern[2] SK: Protected[3]
Jeju salamander (제주도롱뇽)	Hynobius quelpaertensis (Mori, 1928)	Montane wetlands	Southwestern islands and peninsulas, including Jeju	I: Not assessed SK: Protected[3]
Kori salamander (고리도롱뇽)	Hynobius yangi (Kim, Min, & Matsui, 2003)	Moist mountain forests	Far southeastern South Korea[4]	I: Not assessed SK: Protected[3]
Long-tailed salamander (꼬리치레도롱뇽)	Onychodactylus fischeri (Boulenger, 1886)	High in forested mountain streams	Throughout mainland	I: Least Concern[5] SK: Threatened[5], Protected[3]
Siberian salamander (네발가락도롱뇽)	Salamandrella keyserlingii (Dybowski, 1870)	Wet and riparian forests	Northeasternmost North Korea	I: Least Concern[6] NK: Natural Monument[7]
Plethodontidae - 1 species
Korean crevice salamander (이끼도롱뇽)	Karsenia koreana (Min et al., 2005)	Mossy limestone rockslides in oak-pine forests	Southwestern South Korea	I: Least Concern[8]

Frogs and toads

Common name (Korean name)	Species (Authority)	Preferred habitat	Range	Status
Bombinatoridae - 1 species
Oriental fire-bellied toad (무당개구리)	Bombina orientalis (Boulenger, 1890)	Well-vegetated wetlands	Throughout	I: Least Concern[9]
Bufonidae - 3 species
Asiatic toad (두꺼비)	Bufo gargarizans (Cantor, 1842)	Widespread	Throughout[10]	I: Least Concern SK: Protected[3]
Korean water toad (물두꺼비)	Bufo stejnegeri (Schmidt, 1931)	Riparian mountain forests	Central Korea[11]	I: Least Concern K: Rare SK: Protected[3]
Mongolian toad (작은두꺼비)	Pseudepidalea raddei (Strauch, 1876)	Dry, sandy soil	North Korea	I: Least Concern
Hylidae - 2 species
Japanese treefrog (청개구리)	Hyla japonica (Günther, 1859)	Widespread	Throughout	I: Least Concern
Suwon treefrog (수원청개구리)	Hyla suweonensis (Kuramoto, 1980)	Widespread	West central Korea[12]	I: Data Deficient SK: Protected[3]
Microhylidae - 1 species
Boreal digging frog (맹꽁이)	Kaloula borealis (Barbour, 1908)	Near cultivated fields	Throughout	I: Least Concern SK: Endangered[3]
Ranidae - 8 species
Korean brown frog (한국산개구리)	Rana coreana[13] (Okada, 1928)	Near cultivated fields	Throughout[14]	I: Not assessed SK: Protected[3] NK: Natural Monument[15]
Dybowski's frog (산개구리)	Rana dybowskii (Günther, 1876)	Forests	Throughout	I: Least Concern SK: Protected[3]
Huanren frog (계곡산개구리)	Rana huanrenensis (Fei, Ye & Huang, 1991)	High mountain streams	Sporadic throughout mainland	I: Least Concern SK: Protected[3]
Dark-spotted frog (참개구리)	Pelophylax nigromaculatus (Hallowell, 1861)	Stagnant water in forests and meadows	Throughout	I: Near Threatened[16]
Seoul frog (금개구리)	Pelophylax chosenicus[17] (Okada, 1931)	Ponds and rice paddies	Western Korea[18]	I: Vulnerable[19] SK: Endangered[3]
Imienpo Station frog (옴개구리)	Glandirana emeljanovi[20] (Nikolskii, 1913)	Slow streams and wetlands	Throughout mainland	I: Least Concern[21]
American bullfrog (황소개구리)	Rana catesbeiana Shaw, 1802	Stagnant waters	Throughout[22]	I: Least Concern[23] K: Invasive[23]

Notes

1. ^ Absent from Jeju and some coastal regions, according to Yang (2001), p. 40.
2. ^ Matsui, M. & Wenge, Z. (2004). Hynobius leechii. 2006. IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. IUCN 2006. www.iucnredlist.org. Retrieved on 2007-06-10.
3. ^ ^{a b c d e f g h i j k l} Ministry of Environment (2005).
4. ^ Has been collected only in the vicinity of the Kori nuclear power station in Gijang-gun, northern Busan (Yang 2001, p. 44).
5. ^ ^{a b} Kuzmin, S., Matsui, M., Wenge, Z., Maslova, I. & Tuniyev, B. (2004). Onychodactylus fischeri. 2006. IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. IUCN 2006. www.iucnredlist.org. Retrieved on 2007-06-10.
6. ^ Kuzmin, S., Ishchenko, V., Matsui, M., Wenge, Z. & Kaneko, Y. (2004). Salamandrella keyserlingii. 2006. IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. IUCN 2006. www.iucnredlist.org. Retrieved on 2007-06-10.
7. ^ The "Hapsu Salamander Habitat" of this species in Paegam, North Hamgyong, is designated North Korean Natural Monument #360. Cultural Heritage Administration. "합수도롱룡살이터". 남북한의천연기념물. http://nature.cha.go.kr/cont/natural_v.jsp?nat_id=NM-NK360. Retrieved 2007-06-16. 
8. ^ Vieites, D., Karsen, S., Min Mi-Sook, Suh Y. Yang & Wake, D. (2006). Karsenia koreana. 2006. IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. IUCN 2006. www.iucnredlist.org. Retrieved on 2007-06-10.
9. ^ Kuzmin et al. (2004). Bombina orientalis. 2006. IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. IUCN 2006. www.iucnredlist.org. Retrieved on 2007-06-12.
10. ^ Possibly extirpated on Jeju, according to Yang 2001, p. 50.
11. ^ Seldom found south of Gangwon-do, but has been collected from Jirisan, according to Yang 2001, p. 52.
12. ^ Collected along the western coast from Ganghwado to Cheonan (Yang 2001, p. 56).
13. ^ Previously considered a subspecies of Rana amurensis, but determined to be a distinct species by [1]. Accepted by Foster (2007).
14. ^ The boundary between this species' range and the range of Rana amurensis is not known with certainty.
15. ^ The habitat of this species on Kuwolsan in Unryul, South Hwanghae, is designated North Korean Natural Monument #146. Cultural Heritage Administration. "구월산애기개구리살이터". 남북한의 천연기념물. http://nature.cha.go.kr/cont/result_v.jsp?nat_id=NM-NK146. Retrieved 2007-06-16. 
16. ^ Kuzmin, S., Maslova, I., Tuniyev, B., Matsui, M., Pipeng, L. & Kaneko, Y. (2004). Rana nigromaculata. 2006. IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. IUCN 2006. www.iucnredlist.org. Retrieved on 2007-06-12.
17. ^ Per Frost (2007). Given as Rana plancyi in Yang (2001) and older records, and as Rana chosenica in the IUCN Red List.
18. ^ Not found on Jeju in recent surveys, according to Yang (2001), p. 68.
19. ^ Matsui, M. (2004). Rana chosenica. 2006. IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. IUCN 2006. www.iucnredlist.org. Retrieved on 2007-06-12.
20. ^ Per Frost (2007). Previously considered a single species with the Japanese wrinkled frog, Glandirana rugosa.
21. ^ Kuzmin, S., Matsui, M., Wenge, Z. & Kaneko, Y. (2004). Rana emeljanovi. 2006. IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. IUCN 2006. www.iucnredlist.org. Retrieved on 2007-06-11.
22. ^ Not confirmed in the wild on Jeju (Yang 2001, p. 72).
23. ^ ^{a b} Santos-Barrera, G. et al. (2004). Rana catesbeiana. 2006. IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. IUCN 2006. www.iucnredlist.org. Retrieved on 2007-06-12.

See also

• List of mammals of Korea
• List of reptiles of Korea
• List of freshwater fish of Korea

References

Unofficial English translations are marked with angle brackets, <>.

• Frost, Darrel R. (2007) Amphibian Species of the World: an Online Reference. Version 5.0 (1 February 2007). Electronic Database accessible at http://research.amnh.org/herpetology/amphibia/index.php. American Museum of Natural History, New York, USA.
• Ministry of Environment (South Korea) (2005-09-27). "(별표 6) 포획금지야생동물 <Appendix 6: Protected Wild Animal Species>". Enforcement Decree of the Protection of Wild Flora and Fauna Act (야생동·식물보호법 시행규칙). Archived from the original on 2007-09-30. http://web.archive.org/web/20070930160220/http://www.klaw.go.kr/CNT2/LawContent/MCNT2BylView.jsp?s_lawmst=71754&s_bylmst=723348&l_language=KR&gubun=pop&keyword=. Retrieved 2007-06-21. 
• Son Sang-ho (손상호); Lee Yong-uk (이용욱) (2007). 양서 파충류 도감 <Field guide to reptiles and amphibians>. Seoul: Slow & Steady. ISBN 978-89-89370-53-6. 
• Yang, Seo-yeong (2001). Monograph of Korean Amphibia. Seoul: Academy Books. ISBN 89-76162-38-2. 

External links

• (Korean) Amphibians of Korea
• (Korean) Rare and endangered reptiles and amphibians of Korea
• (Korean) Protected species of South Korea